Historical VAT rates of EU countries

Analyze VAT history of EU countries on an interactive map with historical VAT rates timeline charts

VATapp.net's EU VAT rates on a map visualization presents VAT rates historical evolution as a graphical representation that allows you to analyze current VAT trends, and predict possible future trends, while glancing into the past at the same time.

The map illustrates every EU Member State current VAT rates type and its value, as well as VAT history, namely VAT rate's changes through history. Historical changes are illustrated on its own graph, marking rate's value on last year when it had been changed.

How to use VAT rates map

Hover over or select desired country on the map to see its current and historical VAT rates. Click on a specific VAT rate to select it. You can also see this data in tables and charts below the map.

The map has a color scheme added to VAT values, so it is easier to distinct values and to quickly compare EU countries who have higher or lower rates.
Some countries don't have certain types of VAT rates, while some rates don't have history. Some current rate types might not correspond to the historical types. Please note, this map is for illustrative purposes only, there are other types of VAT rates, but those types are not illustrated. Please consult the source for detailed information.

Click on the rate type button below to toggle map:

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Historical and current VAT rates on the world map

Source: The European Commission, 2022, VAT rates applied in the Member States of the European Union; Wikipedia: European Union value added tax

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EU historical and current VAT rates

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Austria historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 20%
Reduced1:: 10%
Reduced2:: 13%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: 13%

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Austria VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1973	16	8	-	-
1/1/1976	18	-	-	-
1/1/1978	-	-	-	30
1/1/1981	-	-	13	-
1/1/1984	20	10	-	32
1/1/1992	-	-	-	-
1/1/1995	-	-	-	12
1/1/2016	-	-	13	13

Belgium historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 21%
Reduced1:: 6%
Reduced2:: 12%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: 12%

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Belgium VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1971	18	6	-	14
1/1/1978	16	-	-	-
12/1/1980	-	-	-	-
7/1/1981	17	-	-	-
9/1/1981	-	-	-	-
3/1/1982	-	1	6	-
1/1/1983	19	-	-	17
4/1/1992	19.5	-	-	-
1/1/1994	20.5	-	-	12
1/1/1996	21	-	-	-
1/1/2000	-	6	12	-

Bulgaria historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 20%
Reduced1:: 9%
Reduced2:: -
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Bulgaria VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
4/1/1994	18	-	-	-
7/1/1996	22	-	-	-
1/1/1999	20	-	-	-
1/1/2007	-	7	-	-
4/1/2011	-	9	-	-

Croatia historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 25%
Reduced1:: 5%
Reduced2:: 13%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Croatia VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
8/1/1998	22	-	-	-
11/1/1999	-	0	-	-
1/1/2006	-	-	10	-
8/1/2009	23	-	-	-
3/1/2012	25	-	-	-
1/1/2013	-	5	-	-
1/1/2014	-	-	13	-

Cyprus historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 19%
Reduced1:: 5%
Reduced2:: 9%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Cyprus VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
7/1/1992	5	-	-	-
10/1/1993	8	-	-	-
7/1/2000	10	5	-	-
7/1/2002	13	-	-	-
1/1/2003	15	-	-	-
8/1/2005	-	-	8	-
3/1/2012	17	-	-	-
1/14/2013	18	-	-	-
1/13/2014	19	-	9	-

Czech Republic historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 21%
Reduced1:: 10%
Reduced2:: 15%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Czech Republic VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1993	23	5	-	-
1/1/1995	22	-	-	-
5/1/2004	19	-	-	-
1/1/2008	-	9	-	-
1/1/2010	20	10	-	-
1/1/2012	-	14	-	-
1/1/2013	21	15	-	-
1/1/2015	-	10	15	-

Denmark historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 25%
Reduced1:: -
Reduced2:: -
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Denmark VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
7/3/1967	10	-	-	-
4/1/1968	12.5	-	-	-
6/29/1970	15	-	-	-
9/29/1975	-	9.25	-	-
3/1/1976	-	-	-	-
10/3/1977	18	-	-	-
10/1/1978	20.25	-	-	-
6/30/1980	22	-	-	-
1/1/1992	25	-	-	-

Estonia historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 20%
Reduced1:: 9%
Reduced2:: -
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Estonia VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1991	10	-	-	-
1/1/1993	18	-	-	-
1/1/2000	-	5	-	-
1/1/2009	-	9	-	-
7/1/2009	20	-	-	-

Finland historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 24%
Reduced1:: 10%
Reduced2:: 14%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Finland VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
6/1/1994	22	5	6	-
1/1/1995	-	6	12	-
1/1/1998	-	8	17	-
10/1/2009	-	-	12	-
7/1/2010	23	9	13	-
1/1/2013	24	10	14	-

France historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 20%
Reduced1:: 5.5%
Reduced2:: 10%
Super-reduced:: 2.1%
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of France VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1968	16.66	6	-	-
12/1/1968	19	7	-	-
1/1/1970	23	7.5	-	-
1/1/1973	20	7	-	-
1/1/1977	17.6	-	-	-
7/1/1982	18.6	4	5.5	-
1/1/1986	-	-	-	-
7/1/1986	-	2.1	-	-
9/17/1987	-	-	-	-
12/1/1988	-	-	-	-
1/1/1989	-	-	-	-
9/8/1989	-	-	-	-
1/1/1990	-	-	-	-
9/13/1990	-	-	-	-
7/29/1991	-	-	-	-
1/1/1993	-	-	-	-
8/1/1995	20.6	-	-	-
4/1/2000	19.6	-	-	-
1/1/2012	-	-	-	-
1/1/2014	20	-	-	-

Germany historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 19%
Reduced1:: 7%
Reduced2:: -
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Germany VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1968	10	5	-	-
7/1/1968	11	5.5	-	-
1/1/1978	12	6	-	-
7/1/1979	13	6.5	-	-
7/1/1983	14	7	-	-
1/1/1993	15	-	-	-
4/1/1998	16	-	-	-
1/1/2007	19	-	-	-
7/1/2020	16	5	-	-

Greece historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 24%
Reduced1:: 6%
Reduced2:: 13%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Greece VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1987	18	3	6	-
1/1/1988	16	-	-	-
4/28/1990	18	4	8	-
8/8/1992	-	-	-	-
4/1/2005	19	4.5	9	-
3/15/2010	21	4	10	-
7/1/2010	23	5.5	11	-
1/1/2011	-	6.5	13	-
7/20/2015	-	6	-	-
6/1/2016	24	-	-	-

Hungary historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 27%
Reduced1:: 5%
Reduced2:: 18%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Hungary VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1988	25	0	15	-
1/1/1993	-	-	6	-
8/1/1993	-	10	-	-
1/1/1995	-	0	12	-
1/1/2004	-	5	15	-
1/1/2006	20	-	-	-
9/1/2006	-	-	-	-
7/1/2009	25	-	18	-
1/1/2012	27	-	-	-

Ireland historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 23%
Reduced1:: 9%
Reduced2:: 13.5%
Super-reduced:: 4.8%
Parking:: 13.5%

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Ireland VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
11/1/1972	16.37	1	5.26	-
9/3/1973	19.5	-	6.75	-
3/1/1976	20	10	10	-
3/1/1979	-	1	-	-
5/1/1980	25	-	-	-
9/1/1981	-	1.5	15	-
5/1/1982	30	1.8	18	-
3/1/1983	35	2.3	23	-
5/1/1983	-	-	5	-
7/1/1983	-	2	-	-
5/1/1984	-	-	-	-
3/1/1985	23	2.2	10	-
3/1/1986	25	2.4	-	-
5/1/1987	-	1.7	-	-
3/1/1988	-	1.4	-	-
3/1/1989	-	2	-	-
3/1/1990	23	2.3	-	-
3/1/1991	21	-	-	12.5
3/1/1992	-	2.7	-	16
3/1/1993	-	2.5	12.5	12.5
1/1/1996	-	3.3	-	-
3/1/1997	-	3.6	-	-
3/1/1998	-	4	-	-
3/1/1999	-	4.2	-	-
3/1/2000	-	4.3	-	-
1/1/2001	20	-	-	-
3/1/2002	21	-	-	-
1/1/2003	-	-	13.5	13.5
1/1/2004	-	4.4	-	-
1/1/2005	-	4.8	-	-
12/1/2008	21.5	-	-	-
1/1/2010	21	-	-	-
7/1/2011	-	-	9	-
1/1/2012	23	-	-	-
8/1/2020	21	-	-	-

Italy historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 22%
Reduced1:: 5%
Reduced2:: 10%
Super-reduced:: 4%
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Italy VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1973	12	6	-	-
1/1/1975	-	-	-	18
3/18/1976	-	-	-	-
5/10/1976	-	-	9	-
12/23/1976	-	1	3	-
2/8/1977	14	-	-	-
7/3/1980	15	2	8	-
11/1/1980	14	1	2	15
1/1/1981	15	2	8	18
8/5/1982	18	-	-	20
4/19/1984	-	-	-	-
12/20/1984	-	-	9	-
8/1/1988	19	-	-	-
1/1/1989	-	4	-	-
5/13/1991	-	-	-	-
1/1/1993	-	-	-	12
1/1/1994	-	-	-	13
2/24/1995	-	-	10	16
10/1/1997	20	-	-	-
9/17/2011	21	-	-	-
10/1/2013	22	-	-	-
1/1/2016	-	-	5	-

Latvia historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 21%
Reduced1:: 5%
Reduced2:: 12%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Latvia VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
5/1/1995	18	-	-	-
1/1/2003	-	9	-	-
5/1/2004	-	5	-	-
1/1/2009	21	10	-	-
1/1/2011	22	12	-	-
7/1/2012	21	-	-	-
1/1/2018	-	5	12	-

Lithuania historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 21%
Reduced1:: 5%
Reduced2:: 9%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Lithuania VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
5/1/1994	18	-	-	-
8/1/1994	-	9	-	-
1/1/1997	-	-	-	-
5/1/2000	-	5	-	-
1/1/2001	-	-	9	-
1/1/2009	19	-	-	-
9/1/2009	21	-	-	-

Luxembourg historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 17%
Reduced1:: 8%
Reduced2:: 14%
Super-reduced:: 3%
Parking:: 13%

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Luxembourg VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1970	8	4	-	-
1/1/1971	10	2	5	-
7/1/1983	12	3	6	-
1/1/1992	15	-	-	-
1/1/1993	-	-	-	12
1/1/2015	17	-	8	14
1/1/2020	-	-	-	-

Malta historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 18%
Reduced1:: 5%
Reduced2:: 7%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Malta VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1995	15	5	-	-
1/1/1999	-	-	-	-
1/1/2004	18	-	-	-
1/1/2011	-	-	7	-

Poland historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 23%
Reduced1:: 5%
Reduced2:: 8%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Poland VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
7/5/1993	22	7	-	-
9/4/2000	-	3	7	-
1/1/2011	23	5	8	-

Portugal historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 23%
Reduced1:: 6%
Reduced2:: 13%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: 13%

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Portugal VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1986	16	8	-	-
2/1/1988	17	-	-	-
3/24/1992	16	5	-	-
1/1/1995	17	-	-	-
7/1/1996	-	-	12	-
6/5/2002	19	-	-	12
7/1/2005	21	-	-	-
7/1/2008	20	-	-	-
7/1/2010	21	6	13	13
1/1/2011	23	-	-	-

Romania historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 19%
Reduced1:: 5%
Reduced2:: 9%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Romania VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
7/1/1993	18	-	-	-
1/1/1995	-	9	-	-
2/1/1998	22	11	-	-
1/1/2000	19	-	-	-
1/1/2004	-	9	-	-
12/1/2008	-	5	9	-
7/1/2010	24	-	-	-
1/1/2016	20	-	-	-
1/1/2017	19	-	-	-

Slovakia historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 20%
Reduced1:: 10%
Reduced2:: -
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Slovakia VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1993	23	5	-	-
8/1/1993	25	6	-	-
1/1/1996	23	-	-	-
7/1/1999	-	10	-	-
1/1/2003	20	14	-	-
1/1/2004	19	-	-	-
1/1/2007	-	10	-	-
5/1/2010	-	6	10	-
1/1/2011	20	10	-	-

Slovenia historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 22%
Reduced1:: 5%
Reduced2:: 9.5%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Slovenia VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
7/1/1999	19	8	-	-
1/1/2002	20	8.5	-	-
7/1/2013	22	9.5	-	-
1/1/2020	-	5	9.5	-

Spain historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 21%
Reduced1:: 10%
Reduced2:: -
Super-reduced:: 4%
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Spain VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1986	12	6	-	-
1/1/1992	13	-	-	-
8/1/1992	15	-	-	-
1/1/1993	-	3	6	-
1/1/1995	16	4	7	-
7/1/2010	18	-	8	-
9/1/2012	21	-	10	-

Sweden historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 25%
Reduced1:: 6%
Reduced2:: 12%
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of Sweden VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1969	11.11	2.04	6.38	-
1/1/1971	17.65	3.09	9.89	-
6/1/1977	20.63	3.54	11.43	-
9/8/1980	23.46	3.95	12.87	-
11/16/1981	21.51	3.67	11.88	-
1/1/1983	23.46	3.95	12.87	-
7/1/1990	25	4.17	13.64	-
1/1/1992	-	18	-	-
1/1/1993	-	21	-	-
7/1/1993	-	12	21	-
1/1/1996	-	6	12	-

The Netherlands historical VAT rates

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Current VAT rates:

Standard:: 21%
Reduced1:: 9%
Reduced2:: -
Super-reduced:: -
Parking:: -

Standard VAT rate history:

Disclaimer: this content is for illustrative purposes only, please consult the source for full and detailed information.

Toggle chart rate:

History of The Netherlands VAT rates:
Date	Standard	Reduced1	Reduced2	Parking
1/1/1969	12	4	-	-
1/1/1971	14	-	-	-
1/1/1973	16	-	-	-
1/1/1976	18	-	-	-
1/1/1984	19	5	-	-
10/1/1986	20	6	-	-
1/1/1989	18.5	-	-	-
10/1/1992	17.5	-	-	-
1/1/2001	19	-	-	-
10/1/2012	21	-	-	-
1/1/2019	-	9	-	-

What is a VAT rate?

VAT rate is a fixed percentage of a taxable amount, i.e. VAT on a supply of goods and services in the EU. VAT rates are regulated by VAT Directive , as well as national legislation of each EU member state.

Who sets VAT rates?

Every EU member state can adopt any VAT rate, which, however, must be in accordance with VAT Directive regulations. VAT rates are set by national legislation on VAT and taxation in general.

What VAT rates are applied in the EU?

VAT Directive allows EU member states to apply standard and reduced VAT rates. Standard VAT rate is applied to almost all goods and services, and it cannot be set lower than 15%, while its maximum is not proscribed. As for the reduced VAT rates, EU member states can adopt only two reduced VAT rates, and they can be applied only to goods and services set out in VAT Directive, and cannot be lower than 5%.

What are "special VAT rates" - super-reduced, parking, zero rates?

Before adopting VAT Directive, some EU member states were applying their own rates - super-reduced, parking and zero rates, which are not part of VAT Directive. They were allowed to keep those rates as a transitional measure until fully adopting the VAT Directive, but it went on, and so they remained in practice.

Super-reduced rate is a rate lower than reduced rates of 5%. Parking rate is a special rate on some goods that cannot be lower than 12%. Zero rate is actually an exemption of VAT on some goods and services.